da un articolo di Karina Tiripicchio (Psychologist); Rocio González Hernández (Speech and Language Therapist); Patricia Almirón Cairoli (Psychologist); Glampiero Arciero (Psychiatrist),Canary Association of Post-Rationalist PsychotherapyTenerife. Canary Islands. Spain
[…] The first noticeable effect when the speech therapy assumes the epistemological principles of the post-rationalist model is the necessity to review the concept of language and its functions. The speech therapy based on scientific principles of cognitivism considers language as a constituent ability that enables the individual the symbolization through words of entities that exists regardless of his/her experience.
However, from our point of view, language begins with an action. Language is the result of an interaction with other human beings and it is a way of giving shape to a shared praxis and not as an independent reality (Maturana, H.; 1990). Also, if the language is articulated in the course of the interaction, through the progressive appropriation of a shared meaning, language cannot be seemed as a constitutive ability of the individual. Since the proposition that brings together the” subjective” side and the “the objective” meaning is the basic unit of the speech, the entrance in the language is characterised by the use of the proposition. Therefore, the language allows us to give a structure to the personal identity (Arciero, G.; 2000).
From this theoretical frame, the speech therapy abandons the idea that language is only an impersonal physical device and considers the necessity of reviewing the disorders of the language, speech and the voice. In this study we will consider the speech symptoms as the individual way a person has, to give sense to his or her experience. […]
If we consider that the human system, it is a system with its own organization, we will not be able to realise that the speech and language disorders are connected with categories which refer to an external and objective reality. We explain the appearance of these clinical disorders as a difficulty the individual has, of assuming certain disturbing events in his or her life. (Guidano V.; 1991). From this approach, we consider the speech and language disorders as interferences in the continuity of the narrative plot in the patient’s life. This means that certain events in the patient’s life affect him or her in such a way that a discrepancy with his/her sense of personal continuity is produced . […]
Consequently, the post-rationalist speech and language therapist’s task consists on redefining the problem, relating it to the patient’s character. This redefinition should at the same time, create a clinical and interpersonal context as well as making clear the symptoms are not due to an external cause. The therapist should help the patient to find out the global and emotional meaning of her symptoms with the aim of creating alternative points of view that allow the patient to shift the focus of attention to other aspects of herself. The basic procedure consists on pinpointing to the stressful situations lived by the patient which are the cause of disturbing feelings and emotions and proceed to its reconstruction using the self-organization method. The speech and language therapist must help the patient to analyse how her subjective experience is built and distinguish the different components in it: emotions, feelings and images, as well as the way she perceives herself as a person when these situations take place. The therapist must also train the patient to recognise when these feelings arise, that is to say, what kind events and contexts produce these feelings in her.
